The Japanese were embarrassed by the impact of the Doolittle Raid. Japanese casualties during the Doolittle Raid were 50 killed and over 400 wounded and about 200 houses were destroyed. The aircraft then continued to China and the Soviet Union, though several crashed in Japanese-held territory after running out of fuel, resulting in eight airmen being apprehended by Japanese forces. The Japanese air defense units were taken by surprise, and all the B-25s escaped without serious damage. These aircraft were launched on 18 April 1942 and individually bombed targets in Tokyo, Yokohama, Yokosuka, Nagoya, and Kobe. In an operation conducted primarily to raise morale in the United States following the Japanese sneak attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, 16 B-25 Mitchell medium bombers were carried from San Francisco to within range of Japan on the aircraft carrier USS Hornet. Main article: Doolittle Raid A B-25 taking off from Hornet on 18 April 1942 for the first-ever raid on Japan.
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